DC netwerken

Rseries

Series connection of resistors

Rseriesparallel

Series and parallel connection of resistors

RC

RC transient response and AC transfer function

RL

RL transient response and AC transfer function

RLC

RLC transient response and AC transfer function

AC Netwerken

RL 3phase L=10mH R=10Ohm

RL 3phase L=10mH R=10Ohm

RL 3phase L=10mH R=1Ohm

RL 3phase L=10mH R=1Ohm

RL 3phase L=10mH R=10Ohm R1=5ohm Unbalance

RL 3phase L=10mH R=10Ohm R1=5ohm Unbalance

Third Harmonics 15V

Third Harmonics 15V

Third Harmonics 45V Maximum voltage is now lower

Third Harmonics 45V Maximum voltage is now lower

Space Vector Modulation

Space vector modulation, injection of triangle third harmonic

Inverters

Half Bridge

Half Bridge

FullBridge

Full bridge

Asynchrone machine

Nominal

S=4 percent slip

No Load

S=0 percent slip

Locked Rotor

S=100 percent slip

Delay start up

Delay circuit for keeping Shut Down Gate Driver Low







Switched Mode Power Supplies

Laboratory exercises VRMEL/ELOMVO 2022/2023

Buck converter

First simulate the buck converter and observe the waveforms. In the default simulation the conversion is from 48volt down to 12 volt.

Parameters of the simulation:
ComponentValue
Vin48volt
L220uH
C10uF
Rout10
Fs50kHz
d25%

Buck Converter 48volt->12volt

Change the duty cycle while the input voltage remains 48 volt. Measure input current, output voltage and current, calculate input and output power as well as the efficiency of the converter and fill the table below:
dVinIinVoutIoutPinPoutη
1048
2048
3048
4048
5048
6048
7048
8048
9048

Use the default duty cycle of 25% and the input voltage remains 48 volt. Change the load resistance Rout from 2Ω in steps of 2Ω until 20Ω. Measure input current, output voltage and current, calculate input and output power as well as the efficiency of the converter and fill the table below:
RoutVinIinVoutIoutPinPoutη
248
448
648
848
1048
1248
1448
1648
1848
2048

Inductor current ripple

Dependency of inductor current ripple on the inductor value. Measure the inductor current ripple. Parameters of the simulation:
ComponentValue
Vin48volt
L100uH
C10uF
Rout10
Fs50kHz
d40%
Buck Converter 48volt->20volt, 50kHz
InductorInductor current ripple (top-top) [A]
47μ
100μ
150μ
220μ
470μ

Change the switching frequency from 50kHz to 100kHz. Measure the inductor current ripple. Parameters of the simulation:
ComponentValue
Vin48volt
L100uH
C10uF
Rout10
Fs100kHz
d40%
Buck Converter 48volt->20volt, 100kHz
InductorInductor current ripple (top-top) [A]
47μ
100μ
150μ
220μ
470μ

Output voltage ripple

Dependency of output voltage ripple on the capacitor value. Measure the peak-peak output voltage ripple. Parameters of the simulation:
ComponentValue
Vin48volt
L100uH
C10uF
Rout10
Fs50kHz
d40%
Buck Converter 48volt->20volt, 50kHz
CapacitorOutput voltage ripple (top-top) [V]
10μ
22μ
47μ
100μ
220μ
470μ

Change the switching frequency from 50kHz to 100kHz. Measure the peak-peak output voltage ripple. Parameters of the simulation:
ComponentValue
Vin48volt
L100uH
C10uF
Rout10
Fs100kHz
d40%
Buck Converter 48volt->20volt, 100kHz
CapacitorOutput voltage ripple (peak-peak) [V]
10μ
22μ
47μ
100μ
220μ
470μ

Output capacitor ESR

Dependency of output voltage ripple on the capacitor equivalent series resistance Resr value. Measure the peak-peak output voltage ripple. Parameters of the simulation:
ComponentValue
Vin48volt
L100uH
C10uF
Resr100m
Rout10
Fs50kHz
d40%
Buck Converter 48volt->20volt, Resr=100m
The esr of the output capacitor varies per type of capacitor. It is modelled by a an external resistor Resr, in series with the output capacitor. Measure the influence of the value of Resr on the output voltage ripple.
Resr[Ohm]Output voltage ripple (top-top) [V]
1m
10m
100m
200m
500m
1

Output capacitor ESR reduction

The output voltage ripple is reduced by placing two output capacitors in parallel. Measure the peak-peak output voltage ripple. Parameters of the simulation:
ComponentValue
Vin48volt
L100uH
C(2*)10uF
Resr1
Rout10
Fs50kHz
d40%
Buck Converter 48volt->20volt, parallel output capacitor
Measure the influence of the paralleling of the output capacitors on the output voltage ripple.
CapacitorOutput voltage ripple (top-top) [V]
2 * 10μ
1 * 22μ
For the single capacitor simulation, change the value of Resr2 into 1000&Ohm;

Explain the reduction of the output voltage ripple in case of the parallel output capacitor, compared to the single output capacitor.



Waveforms Buck Converter, continuous inductor current

In the first simulation we will operate the buck converter with continuous inductor current. Parameters of the simulation:
ComponentValue
Vin48volt
L100uH
C10uF
Rout10
Fs50kHz
d40%

Buck Converter 48volt->20volt, continuous inductor current

For each simulation, measure either the output voltage or the voltage at the node between the Mosfet and the Diode. (between the Mosfet and Diode)
Waveform1Waveform2
ILVout
ILVleg
Create the graphs for the above mentioned waveforms.

For each simulation, add a single current measurement sensor to measure the current through the Mosfet, Diode, Cout, Rout, Vin.
Waveform1Waveform2
ILIDS
ILID
ILIC
ILIR
ILIin
Create the graphs for the above mentioned waveforms.

Waveforms Buck Converter, discontinuous inductor current

In the second simulation we will operate the buck converter with discontinuous inductor current. Parameters of the simulation:
ComponentValue
Vin48volt
L22uH
C10uF
Rout10
Fs50kHz
d40%

Buck Converter 48volt->20volt, discontinuous inductor current

For each simulation, measure either the output voltage or the voltage at the node between the Mosfet and the Diode. (between the Mosfet and Diode)
Waveform1Waveform2
ILVout
ILVleg
Create the graphs for the above mentioned waveforms.

For each simulation, add a single current measurement sensor to measure the current through the Mosfet, Diode, Cout, Rout, Vin.
Waveform1Waveform2
ILIDS
ILID
ILIC
ILIR
ILIin
Create the graphs for the above mentioned waveforms.





Synchronous Buck Converter

Synchronous Buck Converter 48volt->12volt

Simulation Buck Converter

Buck converter 50%

Simulation Boost Converter

Boost converter 66%

Simulation Buck-Boost Converter

BuckBoost converter 50%

Simulation Boost Converter ideal components discontinuous mode

Boost converter Ideal

Simulation Boost Converter discontinuous mode with Mosfet output capacitance modeled

Boost converter output capacitance Mosfet




Simulation U4L Single leg

Single Leg U4L

Simulation U4L Blanking time

Single Leg blanking time

Simulation U4L with Blanking time and start up

Single Leg blanking time

Simulation Mosfet Switching transients

Mosfet Switching

Simulation Mosfet Gate charge

Gate Charge

LC filter response

RLC Filter

LC filter input Impedance

Select [AC]
Input Impedance LC Filter

Three Phase Rectifier

Select [AC]
Three phase rectifier











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